Decal printing is a printing method that prints pictures and text with ordinary ink or special ink on the paper surface coated with glue. The commonly used glue layer is made of gum, which can not only prevent the ink from penetrating into the paper, but also make the image on the glue layer paper easily transferred to other objects. In order to obtain the image on the offset paper, any one of embossing, offset printing or gravure printing method can be used, usually by offset printing method.
Decal printing is divided into two categories: trademark decals and porcelain decals. The trademark decal printing is to use ordinary ink or iron ink for printing. Its purpose is to stick on the surface of wood or metal utensils. Porcelain decal printing is to first print the porcelain decal paper, and then paste the patterned side on the surface of porcelain and enamelware, and then go down to the kiln. Grain and color.
The process of decal printing is divided into three parts: mounting paper, plate making, printing.
1. Mounting paper Mounting paper is the first process of the decal printing operation process, the function is to facilitate printing and easy to peel off.
The main raw materials required for mounting paper are wood paper, copy paper, yellow powder, starch, rubber gum, tools such as wooden platform, row of pens, etc.
The mounting paper can be divided into manual mounting paper and mechanical mounting paper.
a. Hand-mounted paper. First spread the copy paper on the platform board, dip the yellow pen powder glue with the row pen, and evenly coat it on the copy paper, then cover the paper with wooden paper, and brush it flatly with the row pen or towel to make the two papers No air bubbles. Remove it from the tablet and let it dry for about half a day, then dip the starch paste with a row pen, and try to make it even when sizing. A layer of gum arabic is evenly coated on the dried starch surface (that is, the side of the copy paper), which can be printed after drying.
b. Mechanical mounting paper. Copy roll paper and wooden roll paper are respectively placed on the paper loading shaft of the laminating machine, and there is a glue roller in the middle. Through the rotation of the paper loading shaft and the glue roller, the alginic acid adhesive is applied to the copy paper and wood paper In the middle, the two layers of paper are bonded by a flattening roller, dried by a drying mechanism, and transported to the paper receiving part, and then sent to the calender to be glued and dried for printing.
2. The plate-making of plate-making decal printing is the same as that of general photolithography. It's just that the pictures and text on the printing plate are positive. When printed on the offset paper, it is reversed, and when transferred to the surface of the desired utensil, the pictures and text become positive.
3. The printed and mounted paper is generally printed by offset printing. Trademark decal printing is different from ordinary offset printing products because of the application and usage of decal paper, so when printing multi-color graphics, the color registration sequence is opposite to that of general lithographic offset printing, that is, the color ink with good transparency is printed first, and then printed. Color ink with strong hiding power, so that after the finished product is pasted on the article, its color and luster are the same as those of general offset printing. In order to make the image transfer to the surface of other objects, so that the color gradation of the image is not affected by the color of the object itself, the white ink with low transparency must be printed once or twice on the last ink layer. As a background color.
When printing on porcelain decals, special inks made of high temperature resistant pigments must be used to withstand high temperature calcination. Most high-temperature pigments are metal oxides, with coarser particles, different melting points, and thicker ink colors, so they are mostly used for color registration and are not suitable for overprinting.
4. The transfer method of transfer label printing decal paper is relatively simple. First coat the surface of the object to be transferred with a layer of ink, after a little drying, apply decals dipped in water and other solutions to the top and apply a certain pressure, then carefully peel off the backing paper and ink layer Just stay on the surface of the object, and then apply a layer of varnish to protect the graphic.
Porcelain decal transfer method: first apply a layer of gelatin solution to the surface of the porcelain, then stick the decal side of the decal to the porcelain and press the plain clothes to make the surface of the decal printed with the pattern closely contact with the surface of the porcelain. After the gelatin solution dries, the porcelain is immersed in water. The gum arabic coated on the copy paper swells first and then dissolves, so that one side of the decal paper is fixed to the surface of the porcelain and the other side is separated from the copy paper. Due to gelatin
The water solubility is lower than that of resin, so that the graphics containing metal oxides leave the copy paper and attach to the surface of the porcelain, remove the copy paper, and wash off the residual gum on the surface of the porcelain. It is calcined in the kiln and becomes a beautiful and beautiful porcelain pattern.
Decal printing was originally used to decorate porcelain. Now decal printing is widely used in industry and daily life.
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