Overview:
Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) can be divided into hepatic, skeletal, intestinal, renal and placental isoenzymes according to the tissue site, and the clinically detected serum ALP is the enzyme produced by these tissues. The total activity, its specificity and sensitivity are low, and the diseases of these tissues have a great influence on its activity, so ALP can only roughly reflect the bone metabolism. Bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) is derived from osteoblasts and excludes the effects of liver, kidney, and intestinal diseases, and can more accurately reflect bone metabolism.
Osteoblasts and osteoclasts in bone tissue are the basic functional cells of bone tissue metabolism. They have bone formation and bone resorption respectively. Their differentiation and maturation affect the dynamic balance of bone metabolism, osteoblasts and broken cells. Bone cells influence each other's functions through information exchange with each other. As a result, bone formation activity and bone resorption activity are mutually regulated, forming a special coupling mechanism to maintain the growth and development of normal bone tissue structure. When the bone resorption is much greater than the bone formation, destroying the bone metabolism balance can cause bone imbalance disorders such as osteoporosis, and easily cause fractures.
Osteoporosis is a metabolic bone disease characterized by reduced bone mass and abnormal bone microstructure. Causes include: endocrine diseases (hyperthyroidism and hyperparathyroidism), osteomalacia, renal failure, gastrointestinal diseases, long-term corticosteroid use, multiple myeloma, bone metastases, etc.
In Paget's bone disease, osteoclasts and osteoblasts become abnormally active in certain areas of the bone, and their metabolic rate in these areas increases abnormally. These overactive metabolic areas are expanding and the structure of the bones becomes abnormal, making the bones weak and prone to fractures and nerve involvement.
Test specimens and requirements:
serum
Specimen volume:
0.6 mL
Reference:
male
<2 years old: 25-221 mcg/L
2-9 years old: 27-148 mcg/L
10-13 years old: 35-169 mcg/L
14-17 years old: 13-111 mcg/L
Adult: <or = 20 mcg/L
female
<2 years old: 28-187 mcg/L
2-9 years old: 31-152 mcg/L
10-13 years old: 29-177 mcg/L
14-17 years old: 7-41 mcg/L
adult
Premenopausal: <or =14 mcg/L
Postmenopausal: <or =22 mcg/L
Detection method:
Immunoenzyme assay
Clinical significance:
Elevation of BAP can be caused by Paget's bone disease, osteomalacia, and the like. Inhibition of bone resorption treatment in Paget's bone disease, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis can reduce BAP levels. Studies have shown that the use of inhibition of bone resorption in patients with osteoporosis can reduce BAP levels by at least 25% within 3 to 6 months.
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