Thinner formula:
A solution of liquid erythrocyte salt 7.5g soda 200g
Water 1000ml Water 1000g
When the solution is immersed in the solution, rehydrate the solution for 5 minutes.
Third, the printing plate in the production of printing plates, first of all to clean the frosted glass, to be dry, after pouring water glass solution (water glass 1 copies, 8 copies of clear water, 8 copies of beer) into a homemade wooden oven Drying. The temperature inside the box is 50-60 degrees Celsius, and the drying time is about 30 minutes. The oven level should be placed in small stones so that the temperature is evenly distributed and has a hygroscopic effect. After baking the plate, put it in the room and let it cool. Photographic solution is as follows:
Water 400ml No. 1 gelatin 42g
Number Two Gelatin 12g Ammonium Dichromate 6g
Ammonium dichromate 3g Lead nitrate 2g
Benzoin 7ml
The photosensitive liquid must be uniformly coated on the glass plate and dried. Temperature control at 60 degrees Celsius, the drying time should be 40 minutes, to make the photosensitive film completely dry, remove and let cool before use. In the case of printing plates, the positive and negative aspects that have already been repaired should be distinguished first, and then exposed. The exposure time should be determined according to the density of the negative film. The high negative film density value should extend the exposure time properly. The low negative film value should reduce the exposure time. At present, we choose the printing machine, the light source is 1000W iodine lamp, exposure control in 5 minutes. After the finished version is finished, light treatment must be performed. First, expose the plate to the light source for 10 minutes. The purpose of the light return is to enhance the firmness of the primer and the photosensitive adhesive. After the light is returned and cooled, the light is allowed to enter the clear water for development. After the unexposed film is completely dissolved, the printing plate is prepared.
The printing plate production must be adjusted according to the changes of seasons and regions. For example, when the humidity is high, the proportion of gelatin may be increased so that degumming or release softening does not occur. Good use should be made immediately after making a good version. Do not put it in a room with high humidity or use it for a long time. Use overnight printing to re-dry the oven to remove moisture from the plate. The plates used for printing can be cleaned in pyrogenic alkali solution for use in the next plate making.
Fourth, printing and printing is the last process in the entire reproduction process. Whether print can restore the tone and level of a work is the key:
(1) Analyze the colors of transparencies First, we must analyze the characteristics of artists through painting, including the use of color, rhythm, lines, black and white relations, and transitions. Ancient paintings and contemporary paintings use different colors. When printing, different colors are required for deployment. Modern painters often use warm colors such as orange, red, yellow, red-violet, and yellow-green. Neutral shades use violet and meteorites. Cold colors use blue, purple, and green. Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to understand the difference between the printing ink and the paint used by the painter on the one hand; on the other hand, it is also necessary to understand the characteristics of the painter's use of color in order to achieve the best results when printing. At present, there are two main methods used in the printing of the Milon. One is to use the spot color version according to the characteristics of the original, and one or more blocks or even a dozen blocks are used. Each block only takes care of a certain part or a certain level and tone. This method is widely used by most printing units in the Milo Edition. It is characterized by accurate reproduction of tones and tones, and realistic reproduction; the disadvantage is that there are too many editions, time-consuming and costly. The other is to use a combination of color separation and spot color printing to make printing plates. The advantage is that some printing plates can be reduced. However, the effect of copying ancient paintings was poor.
(2) Printing techniques and debugging After the printing plate is made, we must put wet newspapers on the printing press platform. We must flatten it and do not have air or blisters so that the printing plate can be placed in a balanced manner. The purpose of the paper is to increase the friction between the printing plate and the iron table so that the rules of the printing plate are fixed.
Adjust the ink color, add a small amount of turpentine or lard to dilute the ink, it can also prevent the ink skin and ink stick rolling into the plate.
Use glycerin to erase the printed part of the image so that the film expands and improves the ability to absorb ink. Especially in the low-key part of continuous adjustment, it is better to wipe several times in succession. In the use of ink, according to the color of the painting, reference color spectrum and work experience to debug spot color ink.
In the printing process, we often use black, white, gray, red, yellow, vermiculite, blue and green. In terms of tone, the color of the artwork shall prevail. It is generally difficult to make an ink to be used as a spot color ink tone, and it is necessary to mix the main color and the auxiliary color. When printing, first press and flatten the rice paper so that the rice paper can be used without rough feeling. When the printing plate is inked, the color of the ink must be saturated, but it must not be too large, otherwise the color tone will be lost and the level will be difficult to reflect. The ink will be too light and the overall color tone will be insufficient. Especially the light color will be more difficult to print. Therefore, the degree of mastering with the ink-rolling method is closely related to the effect of color reproduction and level reflection and should be given great importance.
(3) Problems caused by printing and solutions The problems that are likely to occur during printing are: inaccuracy of color registration, dirt on the background, and adhesion of rice paper. Color misregistration is caused by shrinkage or expansion caused by the temperature and humidity of the paper. Conditional printing units must strictly control the indoor temperature and humidity. The temperature is controlled at 18-22 degrees Celsius and the humidity is controlled at 70%. Dirty plates, due to the production of the use of a larger temperature plate, over-printing exposure and photosensitive filter is not good. The plates used on that day were soaked in water and covered with glass plates. The sticking problem of Xuan paper is caused by: the firm film of the film is not firm, the film is soft, and the washing time of the water is short when the printing plate is produced, resulting in the unexposed part still having a film. It can be overcome by the use of a hard coat or formalin.
A solution of liquid erythrocyte salt 7.5g soda 200g
Water 1000ml Water 1000g
When the solution is immersed in the solution, rehydrate the solution for 5 minutes.
Third, the printing plate in the production of printing plates, first of all to clean the frosted glass, to be dry, after pouring water glass solution (water glass 1 copies, 8 copies of clear water, 8 copies of beer) into a homemade wooden oven Drying. The temperature inside the box is 50-60 degrees Celsius, and the drying time is about 30 minutes. The oven level should be placed in small stones so that the temperature is evenly distributed and has a hygroscopic effect. After baking the plate, put it in the room and let it cool. Photographic solution is as follows:
Water 400ml No. 1 gelatin 42g
Number Two Gelatin 12g Ammonium Dichromate 6g
Ammonium dichromate 3g Lead nitrate 2g
Benzoin 7ml
The photosensitive liquid must be uniformly coated on the glass plate and dried. Temperature control at 60 degrees Celsius, the drying time should be 40 minutes, to make the photosensitive film completely dry, remove and let cool before use. In the case of printing plates, the positive and negative aspects that have already been repaired should be distinguished first, and then exposed. The exposure time should be determined according to the density of the negative film. The high negative film density value should extend the exposure time properly. The low negative film value should reduce the exposure time. At present, we choose the printing machine, the light source is 1000W iodine lamp, exposure control in 5 minutes. After the finished version is finished, light treatment must be performed. First, expose the plate to the light source for 10 minutes. The purpose of the light return is to enhance the firmness of the primer and the photosensitive adhesive. After the light is returned and cooled, the light is allowed to enter the clear water for development. After the unexposed film is completely dissolved, the printing plate is prepared.
The printing plate production must be adjusted according to the changes of seasons and regions. For example, when the humidity is high, the proportion of gelatin may be increased so that degumming or release softening does not occur. Good use should be made immediately after making a good version. Do not put it in a room with high humidity or use it for a long time. Use overnight printing to re-dry the oven to remove moisture from the plate. The plates used for printing can be cleaned in pyrogenic alkali solution for use in the next plate making.
Fourth, printing and printing is the last process in the entire reproduction process. Whether print can restore the tone and level of a work is the key:
(1) Analyze the colors of transparencies First, we must analyze the characteristics of artists through painting, including the use of color, rhythm, lines, black and white relations, and transitions. Ancient paintings and contemporary paintings use different colors. When printing, different colors are required for deployment. Modern painters often use warm colors such as orange, red, yellow, red-violet, and yellow-green. Neutral shades use violet and meteorites. Cold colors use blue, purple, and green. Therefore, on the one hand, it is necessary to understand the difference between the printing ink and the paint used by the painter on the one hand; on the other hand, it is also necessary to understand the characteristics of the painter's use of color in order to achieve the best results when printing. At present, there are two main methods used in the printing of the Milon. One is to use the spot color version according to the characteristics of the original, and one or more blocks or even a dozen blocks are used. Each block only takes care of a certain part or a certain level and tone. This method is widely used by most printing units in the Milo Edition. It is characterized by accurate reproduction of tones and tones, and realistic reproduction; the disadvantage is that there are too many editions, time-consuming and costly. The other is to use a combination of color separation and spot color printing to make printing plates. The advantage is that some printing plates can be reduced. However, the effect of copying ancient paintings was poor.
(2) Printing techniques and debugging After the printing plate is made, we must put wet newspapers on the printing press platform. We must flatten it and do not have air or blisters so that the printing plate can be placed in a balanced manner. The purpose of the paper is to increase the friction between the printing plate and the iron table so that the rules of the printing plate are fixed.
Adjust the ink color, add a small amount of turpentine or lard to dilute the ink, it can also prevent the ink skin and ink stick rolling into the plate.
Use glycerin to erase the printed part of the image so that the film expands and improves the ability to absorb ink. Especially in the low-key part of continuous adjustment, it is better to wipe several times in succession. In the use of ink, according to the color of the painting, reference color spectrum and work experience to debug spot color ink.
In the printing process, we often use black, white, gray, red, yellow, vermiculite, blue and green. In terms of tone, the color of the artwork shall prevail. It is generally difficult to make an ink to be used as a spot color ink tone, and it is necessary to mix the main color and the auxiliary color. When printing, first press and flatten the rice paper so that the rice paper can be used without rough feeling. When the printing plate is inked, the color of the ink must be saturated, but it must not be too large, otherwise the color tone will be lost and the level will be difficult to reflect. The ink will be too light and the overall color tone will be insufficient. Especially the light color will be more difficult to print. Therefore, the degree of mastering with the ink-rolling method is closely related to the effect of color reproduction and level reflection and should be given great importance.
(3) Problems caused by printing and solutions The problems that are likely to occur during printing are: inaccuracy of color registration, dirt on the background, and adhesion of rice paper. Color misregistration is caused by shrinkage or expansion caused by the temperature and humidity of the paper. Conditional printing units must strictly control the indoor temperature and humidity. The temperature is controlled at 18-22 degrees Celsius and the humidity is controlled at 70%. Dirty plates, due to the production of the use of a larger temperature plate, over-printing exposure and photosensitive filter is not good. The plates used on that day were soaked in water and covered with glass plates. The sticking problem of Xuan paper is caused by: the firm film of the film is not firm, the film is soft, and the washing time of the water is short when the printing plate is produced, resulting in the unexposed part still having a film. It can be overcome by the use of a hard coat or formalin.
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