One, background
Rock climbing is a sport that has always been derived from mountaineering activities. Even if the climber chooses the easiest route to climb a peak of several kilometers, it will inevitably encounter some cliffs on the way. Therefore, climbing is also a basic skill for mountaineering. Since mountain climbing has few opportunities for ordinary people, climbing cliffs is relatively more opportunity and more exciting and challenging. Therefore, climbing as an independent and popular sport among teenagers quickly spreads around the world. Come. The sport uses human primitive climbing instincts to provide various types of equipment for security protection. It climbs some rocks to form cliffs, cracks, sea-touch cliffs, boulders, and artificially-created rock walls.
Second, history
In 1947, the former Soviet Union first established a climbing committee.
In 1948, the Soviet Union hosted the first climbing competition in the country. This is also the world's first rock climbing competition. Since then, rock climbing has begun to prevail in Europe. In the sixties and seventies, Europe held many private competitions.
In 1976, the Soviet Union held its first international climbing competition.
In 1980, France began hosting various forms of rock climbing competitions.
The international competitions held in Italy in 1985 and 1986 have been highly successful due to the participation of rock climbers from many countries.
Although the rock-climbing movement has attracted many fans, because the natural rock walls are in the suburbs, traffic and time problems have brought about many changes to the people. People can only use the holidays to carry out this sport.
In 1985 the French Francis Schavigny invented a natural imitation rock wall that can be freely loaded and unloaded. He realized the idea that people would move the natural rock wall to the city. Because the artificial rock wall was easier to operate than the natural rock wall in terms of the rules of the competition and facilitated the viewers' viewing, the International Climbing Committee approved the international rock climbing competition on the artificial rock wall as an international official competition in 1987 and held the artificial rock wall in France that year. The first climbing competition.
In 1989, the first World Cup climbing competition was held in stages in France, Britain, Spain, Italy, Bulgaria and the former Soviet Union. Athletes participated in the competitions held in various places. Then according to the score of each competition (see the table below), the annual total The best overall score is the World Cup winner. Since then, the World Cup has been held every year.
In 1991, the first world rock climbing championship was held.
The first World Youth Rock climbing Championship was held in 1992.
In 1992, the International Association of Dunhuang to the International Olympic Committee to review the inclusion of rock climbing in the Olympic Games official competition.
In 1993, the International Olympic Committee officially recognized rock climbing as an Olympic project. The International Dunding League is striving to include rock climbing in the 2006 Winter Olympics official competition.
In Asia, the "Asian Ascent Competition Committee" was formally announced in Hong Kong in January 1991, marking the beginning of a new phase in the Asian rock climbing movement. The first Asian Rock climbing Championship was held in September 1992 in Seoul, South Korea. In China, in 1987, the Chinese Mountaineering Association sent 8 coaches and team members to go to the Nagano System in Japan to learn rock climbing. After returning home, the first national climbing competition was held in October at the Natural Rock Wall of Huairou Dashuiyu Reservoir in Beijing. In 1990, the rock climbing competition was held for the first time on the artificial site of the National Mountaineering Training Base in Huairou. In 1993, the rock climbing competition was included in the official competition program of the State Sports Commission, and a national championship was held once a year thereafter. In September of the same year, the first National Rock Climbing Championship was held in Changchun; in October, the first domestic international invitational tournament was held in Wuhan; in December, the second Asian Championship was successfully held in Changchun.
Third, the form of exercise
Rock climbing can be classified differently from different perspectives. According to the organization, it can be divided into Sport Climbing and Free ClimDing; According to the protection mode, it can be divided into Leading Climbing and TOprope Climbing. According to the sports venue, it can be divided into artificial venues. Climbing and climbing on natural sites. Competitive competitions include difficulty, speed and climbing. According to the form of competition, it can be divided into: World Cup and World Championships; Adults over 20 years old and under 19 years old; Men's and women's groups; International, Intercontinental and national competitions. It is also worth mentioning that rock climbing is also an important item in the X-Games at all levels.
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