A research team composed of scientists from Northwestern University of Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology, Virginia Tech University and French Academy of Agricultural Sciences has made important breakthroughs in revealing the pathogenic mechanism of eukaryotic animal and plant pathogens, especially oomycetes, and discovered eukaryotic pathogen effector proteins A general mechanism of entering animal and plant host cells, the results of the study "extra-membrane 3-phosphatidylinositol molecule mediated eukaryotic pathogen effector protein entry into animal and plant host cells" published in the July 23 international academic journal "Cell "Magazine.
Oomycetes, including downy mildew, Phytophthora and Pythium, are a class of eukaryotic microorganisms that can cause extensive crop and forestry losses. The potato late blight caused the Irish famine around 1840 and the sudden death of oak trees on the US West Coast around 1990 Disease is the representative. To date, late blight is still the most serious disease problem in potato production. The colonization of pathogens by pathogens and the occurrence of diseases involve a series of small molecule proteins produced by pathogens that exert interference effects in host cells. Although scientists have made breakthroughs in the research of prokaryotic pathogenic bacteria 15 years ago, revealing the key role of the pathogenic bacteria type III secretion system in the transmembrane transport of its effector proteins and entering the host cell, however, it is a transporter for eukaryotic pathogen effector proteins. The understanding of the mechanism is still very limited. How these highly differentiated and diverse eukaryotic pathogen effector proteins enter the host cell and whether there is a common mechanism to enter the host cell is one of the issues of great concern to scientists around the world.
Shan Weixing, a professor at Northwest A & F University, has been engaged in the application and basic research of potato late blight prevention and control. As one of the leaders of this research, he introduced that in the genome of the Phytophthora infestans that has completed the whole genome sequencing, there are 600 to 700 highly differentiated members of the RXLR-like effector protein family alone, recognizing these effects How the protein enters the host cell is of great significance to the establishment of a new disease prevention and control strategy. The research team found that there are a large number of 3-phosphatidylinositol molecules outside the plasma membrane of plant cells, and the oomycete RXLR effector protein enters the host cell through its binding.
Gu Biao, one of the backbone members of this research and a doctoral student of Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, introduced that the binding of RXLR effector protein, which is the key to the pathogenicity of oomycetes, to the 3-phosphatidylinositol molecule is mediated by the RXLR domain; plant pathogens The fungal effector protein also has a functional domain similar to the oomycete RXLR effector protein, and enters the host plant cell through binding to the 3-phosphatidylinositol molecule.
Shan Weixing also said that the research of the research group has revealed a universal mechanism for the entry of eukaryotic pathogen effector proteins into animal and plant host cells, which has pioneering significance for the development of drugs and fungicides.
It is reported that this research was supported by the "973" project of the Ministry of Science and Technology and the modern agricultural industry technology system.
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