The current situation of water consumption in kitchens and bathrooms varies according to regional differences, living habits and sanitary equipment. The proportion of total water consumption and water consumption of various uses varies. See the specific data. Combined with the actual situation of residential areas in China, it can be seen that the water consumption of residential buildings in China is mostly kitchens and toilets, the total of which is more than 60%, followed by bathing and washing clothes, accounting for 30%, and washing, accounting for 10%. Beijing The water consumption of residential buildings in the city is about 60% of a certain city in Japan, which is 32% of a certain city in Australia. Compared with the actual water consumption of about 25% in the world, Chinese residents need to implement water-saving measures.
Ways and Ways of Saving Water The ways and means of saving tap water can be clearly seen. Tap water is used in contact with the human body or supplemented with secondary water. Water appliances include faucets, sinks, showers, washing machines, sanitary wares. Etc., improving the structure and performance of water appliances can effectively save tap water.
Whether the water nozzle is water-saving or not is mainly judged by the water flow data of the water nozzle. The national standard GB181452003 specifies the various performance indexes of the water nozzle. In general, the basin, washing and kitchen faucet under the dynamic pressure of 0.1MPa%0.01MPa water pressure, the flow rate is 0.046Ls, that is, the water output per minute is only 2.76L, the use of opening 200,000 times will not drip, the general life use The frequency can be used for at least 5 years, which can be described as a water-saving nozzle. Water saving can also be achieved by the following aspects. Install a pressure-reducing device for decompressing and increasing the water column flow area at the outlet end of the faucet, which can reduce water flow without affecting the use to save water; install inductive, time-delay self-closing or pedal-type faucets It can effectively save water consumption, but the cost is relatively high.
Water and ash and reuse system for kitchen and bathroom. According to the relevant experimental data, the traditional spiral faucet and the water-saving faucet are opened and closed under the condition that the two faucets are opened at the same width and the water flow speed is equal. For each 100 times, the water-saving faucet water flow is only a screw-type faucet. 25. It seems that the conventional screw-type faucet sold on the market can be effectively stopped as soon as possible. Water conservation should not only use products with excellent structural properties, but also pay attention to dripping. According to the data, a water nozzle that is not tight can drain 16 water a month, and the waste is amazing.
At present, it is generally believed that the strong jet siphon type toilet has obvious water-saving effect. The strong jet siphon type toilet is a product with water consumption not only 3L, but also has innovative design in the internal structure of the product. Two flushing and sewage disposal are used. The pipeline is separately supplied and installed with a pressure water tank, and the water saving effect is remarkable. To achieve the water-saving effect of the toilet, the following aspects can be considered: 1) Improve the potential energy of the flushing water, and increase the potential energy of the water without adding external force, which is conducive to water saving, which mainly depends on the water tank and the flush valve. Improvements in other aspects. 2) The inner basin of the toilet bowl has a reasonable structure and a small surface resistance. The shape of the concave surface of the inner basin is closely related to the distribution of the water eye, the direction of the water flow, the size and distance of the circle, the arrangement of the water channel, and the position of the user. To reduce the surface resistance of the inner basin, in addition to the reasonable shape structure, ultra-smooth glaze should be applied to achieve high-quality glaze effect.
A properly designed toilet waterway should also be glazed on the inner wall of the waterway and appropriately reduce the water consumption of the water seal. The water tank fittings should be fitted with a two-position water valve. Grey water reuse gray water reuse refers to the use of gray water in the kitchen (excluding oil stains), washing, washing and other parts to be used for flushing and cleaning mopping in the room. The grey water reuse system is as shown, and when the grey water is insufficient, it is replenished with tap water. See the quality of the gray water and the water quality of the residential drainage. See the proportion of total residential water consumption and water consumption for various uses. It can be seen that the main water quality index of kitchen drainage is much higher than other grey water. The latter pollution level is lower than that of ordinary domestic sewage treatment plant. The separate treatment shows the advantages of simple process, low investment and low operating cost.
The gray water treatment process has rich experience in the reuse of grey water at home and abroad. The main treatment processes include physical and chemical treatment and biological treatment. 2 categories: physicochemical treatment process: grey water grid adjustment pool coagulation ups and downs or gas The floating pool filter tank disinfects the water for reuse. Biological treatment process: gray water grid adjustment tank biological treatment tank sedimentation tank filter tank disinfection water reuse as shown in the gray water reuse system, the basic use of physical and chemical treatment process to obtain secondary water. The secondary water quality obtained should meet the water quality standards for domestic miscellaneous water. Reuse of grey water in residential buildings can save 30% of indoor water consumption and reduce indoor drainage by 50%. It has the dual role of saving water and reducing pollution, and it is worth promoting.
Conclusion 1) In the environment of increasing water resources, steady and rapid economic development, and increasing water users, water conservation is of great significance to China's sustainable development. 2) The kitchen and bathroom can save water by using water-saving nozzles, water-saving toilets and grey water. Although grey water reuse is currently not widely used, it is an effective water saving method. 3) Enforce the implementation of water-saving projects by enacting water-saving regulations and water-saving standards. Strengthen water-saving education, enhance water-saving awareness, and promote the participation of all people in water conservation activities.
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